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Thermal Voltage of CMOS Formula

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Thermal Voltage is the voltage produced within the p-n junction. Check FAQs

V t = \frac{ψ o}{\ln (\frac{N a \cdot N d}{{n i}^{2}})}

V_t - Thermal Voltage?ψ_o - Built-in Potential?N_a - Acceptor Concentration?N_d - Donor Concentration?n_i - Intrinsic Electron Concentration?

Thermal Voltage of CMOS Example

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Here is how the Thermal Voltage of CMOS equation looks like with Values.

Here is how the Thermal Voltage of CMOS equation looks like with Units.

Here is how the Thermal Voltage of CMOS equation looks like.

0.5495 = \frac{18.8}{\ln (\frac{1100 \cdot 1.9E+14}{17^{2}})}

0.5495V = \frac{18.8V}{\ln (\frac{11001/m³ \cdot 1.9E+141/m³}{17^{2}})}

0.5495 = \frac{18.8}{\ln (\frac{1100 \cdot 1.9E+14}{17^{2}})}

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Thermal Voltage of CMOS Solution

Follow our step by step solution on how to calculate Thermal Voltage of CMOS?

FIRST Step Consider the formula

V t = \frac{ψ o}{\ln (\frac{N a \cdot N d}{{n i}^{2}})}

Next Step Substitute values of Variables

∴

V t = \frac{18.8V}{\ln (\frac{11001/m³ \cdot 1.9E+141/m³}{17^{2}})}

Next Step Prepare to Evaluate

∴

V t = \frac{18.8}{\ln (\frac{1100 \cdot 1.9E+14}{17^{2}})}

Next Step Evaluate

∴

V t = 0.549471683639064V

LAST Step Rounding Answer

∴

V t = 0.5495V

Thermal Voltage of CMOS Formula Elements

Variables

Functions

Thermal Voltage

Thermal Voltage is the voltage produced within the p-n junction.

Symbol: V_t

Measurement: Electric PotentialUnit: V

Note: Value should be greater than 0.

Formulas to find Thermal Voltage

Built-in Potential

Built-in Potential is potential inside the MOSFET.

Symbol: ψ_o

Measurement: Electric PotentialUnit: V

Note: Value can be positive or negative.

Formulas to find Built-in Potential

Acceptor Concentration

Acceptor Concentration is the concentration of holes in acceptor state.

Symbol: N_a

Measurement: Carrier ConcentrationUnit: 1/m³

Note: Value should be greater than 0.

Formulas to find Acceptor Concentration

Donor Concentration

Donor concentration is the concentration of electrons in the donor state.

Symbol: N_d

Measurement: Carrier ConcentrationUnit: 1/m³

Note: Value should be greater than 0.

Formulas to find Donor Concentration

Intrinsic Electron Concentration

Intrinsic Electron Concentration is defined as the number of electrons in the conduction band or the number of holes in the valence band in intrinsic material.

Symbol: n_i

Measurement: NAUnit: Unitless

Note: Value should be greater than 0.

Formulas to find Intrinsic Electron Concentration

The natural logarithm, also known as the logarithm to the base e, is the inverse function of the natural exponential function.

Syntax: ln(Number)

Other formulas in CMOS Design Characteristics category

Go Static Current

i static = \frac{P static}{V bc}

Go Built-in Potential

ψ o = V t \cdot \ln (\frac{N a \cdot N d}{{n i}^{2}})

Go Change in Frequency Clock

Δf = K vco \cdot V ctrl

Go Capacitance Onpath

C onpath = C t - C offpath

How to Evaluate Thermal Voltage of CMOS?

Thermal Voltage of CMOS evaluator uses Thermal Voltage = Built-in Potential/ln((Acceptor Concentration*Donor Concentration)/(Intrinsic Electron Concentration^2)) to evaluate the Thermal Voltage, Thermal Voltage of CMOS is the voltage generated across a MOSFET device due to the temperature differences between the source and drain terminals. Thermal Voltage is denoted by V_t symbol.

How to evaluate Thermal Voltage of CMOS using this online evaluator? To use this online evaluator for Thermal Voltage of CMOS, enter Built-in Potential (ψ_o), Acceptor Concentration (N_a), Donor Concentration (N_d) & Intrinsic Electron Concentration (n_i) and hit the calculate button.

FAQs on Thermal Voltage of CMOS

What is the formula to find Thermal Voltage of CMOS?

The formula of Thermal Voltage of CMOS is expressed as Thermal Voltage = Built-in Potential/ln((Acceptor Concentration*Donor Concentration)/(Intrinsic Electron Concentration^2)). Here is an example- 0.549472 = 18.8/ln((1100*190000000000000)/(17^2)).

How to calculate Thermal Voltage of CMOS?

With Built-in Potential (ψ_o), Acceptor Concentration (N_a), Donor Concentration (N_d) & Intrinsic Electron Concentration (n_i) we can find Thermal Voltage of CMOS using the formula - Thermal Voltage = Built-in Potential/ln((Acceptor Concentration*Donor Concentration)/(Intrinsic Electron Concentration^2)). This formula also uses Natural Logarithm Function function(s).

Can the Thermal Voltage of CMOS be negative?

No, the Thermal Voltage of CMOS, measured in Electric Potential cannot be negative.

Which unit is used to measure Thermal Voltage of CMOS?

Thermal Voltage of CMOS is usually measured using the Volt[V] for Electric Potential. Millivolt[V], Microvolt[V], Nanovolt[V] are the few other units in which Thermal Voltage of CMOS can be measured.

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Thermal Voltage of CMOS Formula

Thermal Voltage of CMOS Example

Thermal Voltage of CMOS Solution

Thermal Voltage of CMOS Formula Elements

Other formulas in CMOS Design Characteristics category

How to Evaluate Thermal Voltage of CMOS?

FAQs on Thermal Voltage of CMOS

Variable Name