FormulaDen.com

Physics Chemistry Math Chemical Engineering Civil Electrical Electronics Electronics and Instrumentation Materials Science Mechanical Production Engineering Financial Health

Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region Formula

GoMaximum Usable Frequency Formula

Fx Copy

LaTeX Copy

Maximum Usable frequency is the highest radio frequency that can be used for transmission between two points via reflection from the ionosphere. Check FAQs

F muf = \frac{f c}{\cos (θ i)}

F_muf - Maximum Usable Frequency?f_c - Critical Frequency?θ_i - Angle of Incidence?

Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region Example

With values

With units

Only example

Here is how the Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region equation looks like with Values.

Here is how the Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region equation looks like with Units.

Here is how the Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region equation looks like.

420.0435 = \frac{45}{\cos (83.85)}

420.0435Hz = \frac{45Hz}{\cos (83.85°)}

420.0435 = \frac{45}{\cos (83.85)}

Tip: Use pencil ( Pencil

) icon above to edit Input Values and Units.

Calculate

Recalculate

Solution

Copy

Reset

You are here -

Home » Category

Engineering » Category

Electronics » Category

Antenna and Wave Propogation » fx Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region

Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region Solution

Follow our step by step solution on how to calculate Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region?

FIRST Step Consider the formula

F muf = \frac{f c}{\cos (θ i)}

Next Step Substitute values of Variables

∴

F muf = \frac{45Hz}{\cos (83.85°)}

Next Step Convert Units

∴

F muf = \frac{45Hz}{\cos (1.4635rad)}

Next Step Prepare to Evaluate

∴

F muf = \frac{45}{\cos (1.4635)}

Next Step Evaluate

∴

F muf = 420.04352759915Hz

LAST Step Rounding Answer

∴

F muf = 420.0435Hz

Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region Formula Elements

Variables

Functions

Maximum Usable Frequency

Maximum Usable frequency is the highest radio frequency that can be used for transmission between two points via reflection from the ionosphere.

Symbol: F_muf

Measurement: FrequencyUnit: Hz

Note: Value can be positive or negative.

Formulas to find Maximum Usable Frequency

Critical Frequency

Critical frequency is the highest magnitude of frequency above which the waves penetrate the ionosphere and below which the waves are reflected back from the ionosphere.

Symbol: f_c

Measurement: FrequencyUnit: Hz

Note: Value should be greater than 0.

Formulas to find Critical Frequency

Angle of Incidence

The Angle of incidence is the angle formed at the point of incidence between the incident ray and the normal is called the angle of incidence at layer of ionosphere.

Symbol: θ_i

Measurement: AngleUnit: °

Note: Value can be positive or negative.

Formulas to find Angle of Incidence

cos

Cosine of an angle is the ratio of the side adjacent to the angle to the hypotenuse of the triangle.

Syntax: cos(Angle)

Other Formulas to find Maximum Usable Frequency

Go Maximum Usable Frequency

F muf = f c \cdot \sqrt{1 + {(\frac{P d}{2 \cdot h})}^{2}}

Other formulas in Wave Propagation category

Go Critical Frequency of Ionosphere

F c = 9 \cdot \sqrt{N max}

Go Electron Density

N max = \frac{(1 - {η r}^{2}) \cdot {f o}^{2}}{81}

Go Refractive Index of Ionosphere

η r = \sqrt{1 - (\frac{81 \cdot N max}{{f o}^{2}})}

Go Skip Distance

P d = 2 \cdot h ref \cdot \sqrt{{(\frac{F muf}{f c})}^{2} - 1}

How to Evaluate Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region?

Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region evaluator uses Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency/cos(Angle of Incidence) to evaluate the Maximum Usable Frequency, Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region formula region refers to the highest frequency that can be effectively used for long-distance radio communication by reflecting off the F-region of the Earth's ionosphere. The F-region is the highest ionospheric layer, also known as the F2-layer, located approximately 200-400 km above the Earth's surface. Maximum Usable Frequency is denoted by F_muf symbol.

How to evaluate Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region using this online evaluator? To use this online evaluator for Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region, enter Critical Frequency (f_c) & Angle of Incidence (θ_i) and hit the calculate button.

FAQs on Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region

What is the formula to find Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region?

The formula of Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region is expressed as Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency/cos(Angle of Incidence). Here is an example- 420.0435 = 45/cos(1.46345857779697).

How to calculate Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region?

With Critical Frequency (f_c) & Angle of Incidence (θ_i) we can find Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region using the formula - Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency/cos(Angle of Incidence). This formula also uses Cosine (cos) function(s).

What are the other ways to Calculate Maximum Usable Frequency?

Here are the different ways to Calculate Maximum Usable Frequency-

Maximum Usable Frequency=Critical Frequency*sqrt(1+(Skip Distance/(2*Ionospheric Layer Height))^2)

Can the Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region be negative?

Yes, the Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region, measured in Frequency can be negative.

Which unit is used to measure Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region?

Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region is usually measured using the Hertz[Hz] for Frequency. Petahertz[Hz], Terahertz[Hz], Gigahertz[Hz] are the few other units in which Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region can be measured.

Let Others Know

✖

Facebook

Twitter

Copied!

: Value
: Unit