Ground effect factor Formula

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Ground effect factor is the ratio of the induced drag in-ground-effect to the induced drag out-of-ground-effect. Check FAQs
ϕ=(16hb)21+(16hb)2
ϕ - Ground Effect Factor?h - Height from Ground?b - Wingspan?

Ground effect factor Example

With values
With units
Only example

Here is how the Ground effect factor equation looks like with Values.

Here is how the Ground effect factor equation looks like with Units.

Here is how the Ground effect factor equation looks like.

0.4796Edit=(163Edit50Edit)21+(163Edit50Edit)2
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Ground effect factor Solution

Follow our step by step solution on how to calculate Ground effect factor?

FIRST Step Consider the formula
ϕ=(16hb)21+(16hb)2
Next Step Substitute values of Variables
ϕ=(163m50m)21+(163m50m)2
Next Step Prepare to Evaluate
ϕ=(16350)21+(16350)2
Next Step Evaluate
ϕ=0.479600333055787
LAST Step Rounding Answer
ϕ=0.4796

Ground effect factor Formula Elements

Variables
Ground Effect Factor
Ground effect factor is the ratio of the induced drag in-ground-effect to the induced drag out-of-ground-effect.
Symbol: ϕ
Measurement: NAUnit: Unitless
Note: Value should be less than 1.
Height from Ground
Height from Ground is the distance of the wing from the ground.
Symbol: h
Measurement: LengthUnit: m
Note: Value should be greater than 0.
Wingspan
The Wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip.
Symbol: b
Measurement: LengthUnit: m
Note: Value should be greater than 0.

Other formulas in Take Off category

​Go Resistance force during ground roll
R=μr(W-FL)
​Go Coefficient of rolling friction during ground roll
μr=RW-FL
​Go Weight of aircraft during ground roll
W=(Rμr)+FL
​Go Lift acting on aircraft during ground roll
FL=W-(Rμr)

How to Evaluate Ground effect factor?

Ground effect factor evaluator uses Ground Effect Factor = ((16*Height from Ground/Wingspan)^2)/(1+(16*Height from Ground/Wingspan)^2) to evaluate the Ground Effect Factor, Ground Effect Factor is a measure of the increased lift and reduced drag experienced by an aircraft or airplane wing when it operates close to the ground, resulting in improved takeoff and landing performance. Ground Effect Factor is denoted by ϕ symbol.

How to evaluate Ground effect factor using this online evaluator? To use this online evaluator for Ground effect factor, enter Height from Ground (h) & Wingspan (b) and hit the calculate button.

FAQs on Ground effect factor

What is the formula to find Ground effect factor?
The formula of Ground effect factor is expressed as Ground Effect Factor = ((16*Height from Ground/Wingspan)^2)/(1+(16*Height from Ground/Wingspan)^2). Here is an example- 0.4796 = ((16*3/50)^2)/(1+(16*3/50)^2).
How to calculate Ground effect factor?
With Height from Ground (h) & Wingspan (b) we can find Ground effect factor using the formula - Ground Effect Factor = ((16*Height from Ground/Wingspan)^2)/(1+(16*Height from Ground/Wingspan)^2).
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