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Bulk Concentration of Membrane Formula

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Bulk concentration is defined as the concentration of solutes in the bulk fluid, which is the fluid that is not in contact with the membrane. Check FAQs

C b = \frac{C m}{\frac{\exp (\frac{J w}{k l})}{R' + (1 - R') \cdot \exp (\frac{J w}{k l})}}

C_b - Bulk Concentration?C_m - Solute Concentration at Membrane Surface?J_w - Water Flux?k_l - Mass Transfer Coefficient at Membrane Surface?R_' - Solute Rejection?

Bulk Concentration of Membrane Example

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Here is how the Bulk Concentration of Membrane equation looks like with Values.

Here is how the Bulk Concentration of Membrane equation looks like with Units.

Here is how the Bulk Concentration of Membrane equation looks like.

0.2996 = \frac{4.2}{\frac{\exp (\frac{0.0001}{3E-5})}{0.95 + (1 - 0.95) \cdot \exp (\frac{0.0001}{3E-5})}}

0.2996 = \frac{4.2}{\frac{\exp (\frac{0.0001m³/(m²*s)}{3E-5cm/s})}{0.95 + (1 - 0.95) \cdot \exp (\frac{0.0001m³/(m²*s)}{3E-5cm/s})}}

0.2996 = \frac{4.2}{\frac{\exp (\frac{0.0001}{3E-5})}{0.95 + (1 - 0.95) \cdot \exp (\frac{0.0001}{3E-5})}}

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Bulk Concentration of Membrane Solution

Follow our step by step solution on how to calculate Bulk Concentration of Membrane?

FIRST Step Consider the formula

C b = \frac{C m}{\frac{\exp (\frac{J w}{k l})}{R' + (1 - R') \cdot \exp (\frac{J w}{k l})}}

Next Step Substitute values of Variables

∴

C b = \frac{4.2}{\frac{\exp (\frac{0.0001m³/(m²*s)}{3E-5cm/s})}{0.95 + (1 - 0.95) \cdot \exp (\frac{0.0001m³/(m²*s)}{3E-5cm/s})}}

Next Step Prepare to Evaluate

∴

C b = \frac{4.2}{\frac{\exp (\frac{0.0001}{3E-5})}{0.95 + (1 - 0.95) \cdot \exp (\frac{0.0001}{3E-5})}}

Next Step Evaluate

∴

C b = 0.299557407408674

LAST Step Rounding Answer

∴

C b = 0.2996

Bulk Concentration of Membrane Formula Elements

Variables

Functions

Bulk Concentration

Bulk concentration is defined as the concentration of solutes in the bulk fluid, which is the fluid that is not in contact with the membrane.

Symbol: C_b

Measurement: NAUnit: Unitless

Note: Value should be greater than 0.

Formulas to find Bulk Concentration

Solute Concentration at Membrane Surface

Solute concentration at membrane surface is defined as the concentration of solutes in the fluid immediately adjacent to the membrane surface.

Symbol: C_m

Measurement: NAUnit: Unitless

Note: Value should be greater than 0.

Formulas to find Solute Concentration at Membrane Surface

Water Flux

Water flux is defined as the rate at which water flows through a membrane per unit area.

Symbol: J_w

Measurement: Membrane FluxUnit: m³/(m²*s)

Note: Value should be greater than 0.

Formulas to find Water Flux

Mass Transfer Coefficient at Membrane Surface

Mass transfer coefficient at membrane surface is defined as the measure of the rate at which solutes can diffuse through the membrane.

Symbol: k_l

Measurement: SpeedUnit: cm/s

Note: Value should be greater than 0.

Formulas to find Mass Transfer Coefficient at Membrane Surface

Solute Rejection

Solute rejection is defined as the ability of a membrane to prevent the passage of solutes from a feed solution to the permeate solution.

Symbol: R_'

Measurement: NAUnit: Unitless

Note: Value should be greater than 0.

Formulas to find Solute Rejection

exp

n an exponential function, the value of the function changes by a constant factor for every unit change in the independent variable.

Syntax: exp(Number)

Other formulas in Membrane Characteristics category

Go Pressure Driving Force in Membrane

ΔP m = R m \cdot μ \cdot J wM

Go Membrane Pore Diameter

d = {(\frac{32 \cdot μ \cdot J wM \cdot Τ \cdot l mt}{ε \cdot ΔP m})}^{0.5}

Go Membrane Porosity

ε = \frac{32 \cdot μ \cdot J wM \cdot Τ \cdot l mt}{d^{2} \cdot ΔP m}

Go Membrane Thickness

l mt = \frac{d^{2} \cdot ε \cdot ΔP m}{32 \cdot μ \cdot J wM \cdot Τ}

How to Evaluate Bulk Concentration of Membrane?

Bulk Concentration of Membrane evaluator uses Bulk Concentration = (Solute Concentration at Membrane Surface)/((exp(Water Flux/Mass Transfer Coefficient at Membrane Surface))/(Solute Rejection+(1-Solute Rejection)*exp(Water Flux/Mass Transfer Coefficient at Membrane Surface))) to evaluate the Bulk Concentration, Bulk Concentration of Membrane is defined as a process of using a semipermeable membrane to separate a mixture of solutes into two or more fractions. Bulk Concentration is denoted by C_b symbol.

How to evaluate Bulk Concentration of Membrane using this online evaluator? To use this online evaluator for Bulk Concentration of Membrane, enter Solute Concentration at Membrane Surface (C_m), Water Flux (J_w), Mass Transfer Coefficient at Membrane Surface (k_l) & Solute Rejection (R_') and hit the calculate button.

FAQs on Bulk Concentration of Membrane

What is the formula to find Bulk Concentration of Membrane?

The formula of Bulk Concentration of Membrane is expressed as Bulk Concentration = (Solute Concentration at Membrane Surface)/((exp(Water Flux/Mass Transfer Coefficient at Membrane Surface))/(Solute Rejection+(1-Solute Rejection)*exp(Water Flux/Mass Transfer Coefficient at Membrane Surface))). Here is an example- 0.21 = (4.2)/((exp(0.0001139/3E-07))/(0.95+(1-0.95)*exp(0.0001139/3E-07))).

How to calculate Bulk Concentration of Membrane?

With Solute Concentration at Membrane Surface (C_m), Water Flux (J_w), Mass Transfer Coefficient at Membrane Surface (k_l) & Solute Rejection (R_') we can find Bulk Concentration of Membrane using the formula - Bulk Concentration = (Solute Concentration at Membrane Surface)/((exp(Water Flux/Mass Transfer Coefficient at Membrane Surface))/(Solute Rejection+(1-Solute Rejection)*exp(Water Flux/Mass Transfer Coefficient at Membrane Surface))). This formula also uses Exponential Growth (exp) function(s).

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Bulk Concentration of Membrane Formula

Bulk Concentration of Membrane Example

Bulk Concentration of Membrane Solution

Bulk Concentration of Membrane Formula Elements

Other formulas in Membrane Characteristics category

How to Evaluate Bulk Concentration of Membrane?

FAQs on Bulk Concentration of Membrane

Variable Name