Ground Effect Factor in Take Off and Landing Formulas

Ground effect factor is the ratio of the induced drag in-ground-effect to the induced drag out-of-ground-effect. And is denoted by ϕ.

Formulas to find Ground Effect Factor in Take Off and Landing

fxGround effect factorGo

fxDrag during ground effectGo

fxLanding ground roll distanceGo

fx Height from Ground Go

fx Wingspan Go

What is the Ground Effect Factor?

Ground effect factor is the ratio of the induced drag in-ground-effect to the induced drag out-of-ground-effect.

Can the Ground Effect Factor be negative?

{YesorNo}, the Ground Effect Factor, measured in {OutputVariableMeasurementName} {CanorCannot} be negative.

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